|
Oleksandr Oleksandrovych Murashko ((ウクライナ語:Олександр Олександрович Мурашко)); also known as Alexander Murashko and Aleksandr Murashko (August 26 or September 7, 1875 – June 14, 1919) was a Ukrainian painter. ==Life and career== Murashko was born in Kiev. His stepfather, Oleksandr Ivanovych Murashko, had an icon-painting workshop and worked on the interior of St Volodymyr's Cathedral.〔("Митець свiтового рiвня Олександр Мурашко (1875–1919)" ) ''Українська культура'' 1 (1999) 25–26, (archived ) at the Wayback Machine, March 5, 2007 〕〔Oksana Onoprii︠e︡nko, "Oleksandr Murashko (1875–1919), Painter, educator, public figure", in ''Vydatni dii︠a︡chi Ukraïny mynulykh stolitʹ: memorialʹnyĭ alʹmanakh'' / ''Outstanding Ukrainian Personalities of the Past: Memorial Anthology'', Zoloti imena Ukraïny, Kiev: I︠E︡vroimidz︠h︡, (), ISBN 9789667867058, (p. 379 ).〕 In 1894, with recommendations from several prominent artists, he entered the Imperial Academy of Arts in St Petersburg. In 1896 he became a student of Ilya Repin;〔 he is one of those depicted in Yelena Makovskaya-Luksch's group portrait, ''Repin's Students''.〔Anna Novakov, ''Play of Lines: Anton Ažbe's Art Academy and the Education of East European Female Painters'', San Francisco: Fibonacci Academic Press (Lulu.com), 2011, ISBN 9781257373321, (p. 50 ).〕 In 1901 he travelled abroad, visiting Germany, where he studied with Anton Ažbe in Munich,〔 Italy, and France, where he was greatly influenced.〔 Murashko became a successful artist; he has been called "the most important Ukrainian artist of the turn of the century".〔Semion Gurok and Boris Lobanovsky, tr. Anne Staros, ''Kiev, Architectural Landmarks and Art Museums: An Illustrated Guide'', Leningrad: Aurora, 1987, , (p. 75 ).〕 His painting ''Carousel'' won the gold medal at the Munich Exposition in 1909, and he exhibited in Venice, Rome, Amsterdam, Berlin, Cologne, and Düsseldorf.〔 From 1909 to 1912 Murashko taught at the . In 1913 he opened his own studio,〔〔Igor Aronov, ''Jewish Art'' 21/22: ''Eastern Europe 1'' (1995/1996) (p. 130 ).〕 where many young Jewish artists were trained, including Mark Epstein.〔''Jews in Eastern Europe'' 1993, (p. 13 ).〕〔Myroslav Shkandrij, "National modernism in post-revolutionary society: the Ukrainian renaissance and Jewish revival, 1917–1930", in ''Shatterzone of Empires: Coexistence and Violence in the German, Habsburg, Russian, and Ottoman Borderlands'', ed. Omer Bartov and Eric D. Weitz, Bloomington: Indiana University, 2013, ISBN (pp. 445–46 ).〕 He had a great influence on Kazimir Malevich.〔Gerry Souter, ''Malevich: Journey to Infinity'', Temporis Collection, New York: Parkstone, 2008, ISBN 9781780429267, (p. 47 ).〕 He was a patriotic Ukrainian, one of the adherents of the "Young Muse" movement which was started in 1906 by Modernists who drew on developments elsewhere in Europe to make Ukrainian art more progressive.〔Andrew Wilson, ''The Ukrainians: Unexpected Nation'', New Haven: Yale University, 2000, repr. 2002, ISBN 9780300093094, (p. 135 ).〕 He founded the Association of Kiev Artists in 1916〔Bert Cardullo, ''Theories of the Avant-Garde Theatre: A Casebook from Kleist to Camus'', Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow, 2013, ISBN 9780810887046, (p. xxxviii ).〕 and the following year co-founded the .〔 In 1909 Murashko married Marguerite Kruger, a notary's daughter.〔 In 1910, after his father's death, he bought a small house in the Kiev suburb of Lukyanivka. He was taken away from the house, apparently by a street gang, and shot from behind on June 14, 1919. His funeral was well attended and he was buried in Lukyanovsky Cemetery.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Oleksandr Murashko」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|